There is evidence that Kipling wrote the collection of stories for his daughter Josephine, who died from pneumonia in 1899, aged 6 a first edition of the book with a handwritten note by the author to his young daughter was discovered at the National Trust's Wimpole Hall in Cambridgeshire, England, in 2010.
These stories were written when Kipling lived in Naulakha, the home he built in Dummerston, Vermont, in the United States. After about ten years in England, he went back to India and worked there for about six and a half years. Rudyard Kipling was born in India and spent the first six years of his childhood there. The original publications contain illustrations, some by the author's father, John Lockwood Kipling. The stories were first published in magazines in 1893–94. Percy Grainger composed his Jungle Book Cycle around quotations from the book. The book has been influential in the scout movement, whose founder, Robert Baden-Powell, was a friend of Kipling's.
Critics such as Swati Singh have noted that even critics wary of Kipling for his supposed imperialism have admired the power of his storytelling. The Jungle Book has remained popular, partly through its many adaptations for film and other media. Critics have also noted the essential wildness and lawless energies in the stories, reflecting the irresponsible side of human nature. They teach respect for authority, obedience, and knowing one's place in society with "the law of the jungle", but the stories also illustrate the freedom to move between different worlds, such as when Mowgli moves between the jungle and the village. Another important theme is of law and freedom the stories are not about animal behaviour, still less about the Darwinian struggle for survival, but about human archetypes in animal form.
The theme is echoed in the triumph of protagonists including Rikki-Tikki-Tavi and The White Seal over their enemies, as well as Mowgli's. The stories are set in a forest in India one place mentioned repeatedly is "Seonee" ( Seoni), in the centralĪ major theme in the book is abandonment followed by fostering, as in the life of Mowgli, echoing Kipling's own childhood. Most of the characters are animals such as Shere Khan the tiger and Baloo the bear, though a principal character is the boy or "man-cub" Mowgli, who is raised in the jungle by wolves. The Jungle Book (1894) is a collection of stories by the English author Rudyard Kipling.
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